搭建Ubuntu Server本地仓库

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海上添翼

22 Jun 2021 • 8 min read

基础环境

Ubuntu Server 20.04
APT-Mirror
可以配置下载多个版本的仓库，如16.04/18.04
20.04仓库容量：118G，每个版本的仓库大约130G左右，如果规划多个仓库下载，需要注意磁盘空间

配置主机更新源

先把本机的/etc/apt/sources.list更新为最快的镜像地址，一般国内使用各大云厂商的镜像库；20.04 focal的如下；可以使用Vim编辑器的批量替换功能:%s/cn.archive.ubuntu.com/mirrors.aliyun.com
deb-src一般用不上，可以先注释。

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
#deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
#deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
#deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
#deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
#deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse

安装工具

创建镜像仓库的工具为apt-mirror，安装一下就好

sudo apt install apt-mirror -y

之后进行对应的配置

hai@apt-mirror:~$ cat /etc/apt/mirror.list 
############# config ##################
#
set base_path    /home/hai/apt-mirror # 下载存储路径
#
set mirror_path  $base_path/mirror # 1
set skel_path    $base_path/skel   # 2
set var_path     $base_path/var    # 3
set cleanscript $var_path/clean.sh # 4 以上即便取消注释，也会作为默认参数生效
set defaultarch  amd64             # 
set postmirror_script $var_path/postmirror.sh
# set run_postmirror 0
set nthreads     20
set _tilde 0
#
############# end config ##############
# 16.04
#deb-amd64 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main
#deb-amd64 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main
#deb-amd64 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial universe
#deb-amd64 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates universe
#deb-amd64 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main
#deb-amd64 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security universe
# 18.04
#deb-amd64 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
#deb-amd64 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
#deb-amd64 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
#deb-amd64 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
#deb-amd64 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# 20.04
deb-amd64 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
deb-amd64 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-amd64 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-amd64 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-amd64 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse

#deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful main restricted universe multiverse
#deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-security main restricted universe multiverse
#deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-updates main restricted universe multiverse
#deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
#deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-backports main restricted universe multiverse

#deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful main restricted universe multiverse
#deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-security main restricted universe multiverse
#deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-updates main restricted universe multiverse
#deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
#deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-backports main restricted universe multiverse

#clean http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu
clean http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu

创建好定义的存储目录，然后运行一下，如果存储在home的话，无需sudo

apt-mirror

如果出现错误，找不到postmirror.sh，则拷贝脚本

cp -v /var/spool/apt-mirror/var/postmirror.sh ~/apt-mirror/var/
cp -v /var/spool/apt-mirror/var/clean.sh ~/apt-mirror/var/

# 编辑postmirror.sh；将clean.sh加入到其中

对外发布

下载完成仓库之后，使用nginx对外发布服务

sudo apt install nginx -y

对于nginx无需额外的配置，简单修改即可

sudo mv /etc/nginx/site-enabled/default /etc/nginx/site-enabled/mirror.conf

server {
        listen 80 default_server;
        root /home/hai/apt-mirror/mirror/mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/; # 注意
        autoindex on;
        autoindex_exact_size off;
        autoindex_localtime on;
        server_name _;
        location /favicon.ico {
                log_not_found off;
                access_log off;
        }
        location /robots.txt {
                log_not_found off;
                access_log off;
        }
}

注意：root目录需要说明一下，如果包含了ubuntu目录，则sources.list的路径最后就不需要以ubuntu为结尾，反之亦然。

因为nginx对于root目录只需要读的权限，因此可以考虑将nginx加入到当前用户的组，以确保从O权限到G的权限够用；

sudo usermod -aG 组名 www-data
# 然后加入开机自启动并启动nginx
sudo systemctl enable --now nginx

防火墙（可选）

如果启用了ufw防火墙，那么加入nginx规则即可

sudo ufw allow nginx-full
sudo ufw reload

方便使用

为了方便使用，可以按照不同的发行版，把sources.list放到Nginx的root发布目录下，这样新系统就可以使用curl -O的方式直接下载使用。

vim apt-mirror/mirror/mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/20.04-sources.list

# Local APT-Mirror
deb http://192.168.0.90/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://192.168.0.90/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://192.168.0.90/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://192.168.0.90/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://192.168.0.90/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
#deb-src http://192.168.0.90/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
#deb-src http://192.168.0.90/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
#deb-src http://192.168.0.90/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
#deb-src http://192.168.0.90/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
#deb-src http://192.168.0.90/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse

在新机器上使用以下命令快速下载使用

# 先备份
sudo mv /etc/apt/sources.list{,.bak}
# 下载使用
sudo curl -o /etc/apt/sources.list http://192.168.0.90/20.04-sources.list

完成

刷新源，马上使用

sudo apt update

添加到开机启动或定时任务

创建定时任务（选一）

每天2:30开始执行

crontab -e
30 2 * * * /usr/bin/apt-mirror 2> /home/hai/apt-mirror/log/rc-local.log

# 启动crond服务
sudo systemctl enable --now crond

添加为开机启动（选二）

每次开机将执行一次

sudo vim /lib/systemd/system/rc-local.service
# 在文件尾部添加：
[Install]
WantedBy=mulit-user.target
Alias=rc-local.service

# 创建rc.local
sudo vim /etc/rc.local
# 添加以下内容；（不添加将阻塞进程，开机卡死）
#! /bin/bash
/usr/bin/apt-mirror 2> /home/hai/apt-mirror/log/rc-local.log
exit 0
# 记得创建日志目录
sudo chmod u+x /etc/rc.local
sudo ln -s /lib/systemd/system/rc-local.service /etc/systemd/system
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl start rc-local
sudo systemctl enable rc-local

遇到Bug

我在ubuntu 20.04.1 lts中遇到了apt-mirror的bug，表现为“Commands-amd64 404 Not Found”

Ign:53 http://apt-mirror.local/ubuntu focal-proposed/multiverse amd64 c-n-f Metadata
Err:44 http://apt-mirror.local/ubuntu focal-proposed/main amd64 c-n-f Metadata
  404  Not Found [IP: 192.168.0.111 80]
Ign:47 http://apt-mirror.local/ubuntu focal-proposed/restricted amd64 c-n-f Metadata
Ign:56 http://apt-mirror.local/ubuntu focal-backports/main amd64 c-n-f Metadata
Ign:57 http://apt-mirror.local/ubuntu focal-backports/restricted amd64 c-n-f Metadata
Ign:58 http://apt-mirror.local/ubuntu focal-backports/universe amd64 c-n-f Metadata
Ign:59 http://apt-mirror.local/ubuntu focal-backports/multiverse amd64 c-n-f Metadata
Ign:50 http://apt-mirror.local/ubuntu focal-proposed/universe amd64 c-n-f Metadata
Ign:53 http://apt-mirror.local/ubuntu focal-proposed/multiverse amd64 c-n-f Metadata
Ign:56 http://apt-mirror.local/ubuntu focal-backports/main amd64 c-n-f Metadata
Ign:57 http://apt-mirror.local/ubuntu focal-backports/restricted amd64 c-n-f Metadata
Ign:58 http://apt-mirror.local/ubuntu focal-backports/universe amd64 c-n-f Metadata
Ign:59 http://apt-mirror.local/ubuntu focal-backports/multiverse amd64 c-n-f Metadata
Err:56 http://apt-mirror.local/ubuntu focal-backports/main amd64 c-n-f Metadata
  404  Not Found [IP: 192.168.0.111 80]
Ign:57 http://apt-mirror.local/ubuntu focal-backports/restricted amd64 c-n-f Metadata
Ign:58 http://apt-mirror.local/ubuntu focal-backports/universe amd64 c-n-f Metadata
Ign:59 http://apt-mirror.local/ubuntu focal-backports/multiverse amd64 c-n-f Metadata
Fetched 1,174 kB in 1s (1,166 kB/s)                                         
Reading package lists... Done
E: Failed to fetch http://apt-mirror.local/ubuntu/dists/focal/main/cnf/Commands-amd64  404  Not Found [IP: 192.168.0.111 80]
E: Failed to fetch http://apt-mirror.local/ubuntu/dists/focal-security/main/cnf/Commands-amd64  404  Not Found [IP: 192.168.0.111 80]
E: Failed to fetch http://apt-mirror.local/ubuntu/dists/focal-updates/main/cnf/Commands-amd64  404  Not Found [IP: 192.168.0.111 80]
E: Failed to fetch http://apt-mirror.local/ubuntu/dists/focal-proposed/main/cnf/Commands-amd64  404  Not Found [IP: 192.168.0.111 80]
E: Failed to fetch http://apt-mirror.local/ubuntu/dists/focal-backports/main/cnf/Commands-amd64  404  Not Found [IP: 192.168.0.111 80]
E: Some index files failed to download. They have been ignored, or old ones used instead.

现在还不知道什么能合并到主线中进行更新修复，但是基于强大的社区，总是有人在来解决问题，在GitHub上已经有人给出了解决办法；GitHub地址，下载其中的apt-mirror文件替换即可；它其实是个Perl脚本；

# 备份原先的
sudo mv /usr/bin/apt-mirror{,.bak}
# 进行替换
sudo mv apt-mirror /usr/bin/apt-mirror
# 需要修复权限；原先的权限
sudo ls -al /usr/bin/apt-mirror.bak 
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 32351 May 29  2017 /usr/bin/apt-mirror.bak
# 替换后的权限对齐
sudo chmod 755 /usr/bin/apt-mirror
# 再次查看
sudo ls -al /usr/bin/apt-mirror
-rw-rw-r-- 1 hai hai 32509 Dec 19 09:45 /usr/bin/apt-mirror

在仓库所在机器上再次执行sudo apt-mirror之后，会下载对应的文件，然后去需要更新的机器上执行sudo apt update就没问题了。

原文链接：搭建Ubuntu Server本地仓库 (cpci.dev)

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